
Preconception advice
- Discussion of basic physiology of conception including the events in a natural menstrual cycle and explanation of the fertile period during the cycle.
- Detailed pre-pregnancy evaluation.
- Dietary advise, life style management.
- Advice on pre-pregnancy supplements.
- Clarification of the realties and myths regarding human conception


Infertility
1 in 6 couples in Australia encounter problems with natural conception, making it a relatively common health issue. Factors in the female as well as male partner and often a combination of female and male fertility factors can contribute to delay or inability in conception. Sonal is trained to provide complete fertility treatment options for couples with a variety of issues as follows:
Female Infertility
Sonal provides wide-ranging services in the management of female infertility disorders including management of ovulation disorders, treatment of blocked fallopian tubes with surgery and/or assisted reproduction (IVF/ICSI), management of endometriosis, Polycystic ovarian syndrome and unexplained infertility.
Male Infertility
Sonal provides advise on comprehensive investigations and management of male subfertility disorders including diagnosis, life style modification and assisted reproduction. She is well trained and experienced to perform surgical sperm retrieval procedures through testicular aspiration and testicular biopsy procedures.
- Sonal understands and emphasizes the importance of an individualized approach for all couples consulting her for fertility issues
- Sonal also provides fertility advice and treatment for couples in same sex relationships and single women desiring fertility treatment. This includes assisted reproductive treatment options with donor eggs, donor sperms and surrogacy.

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)
PGD is a process requiring sophisticated assisted reproduction facilities. It involves assessment of embryos created through IVF for genetic or chromosomal abnormalities prior to conception. Most known genetic disorders can be diagnosed using PGD.
Sonal facilitates PGD treatment for couples who are carriers of genetic or chromosomal disorders, couples utilizing PGD for recurrent failed IVF cycles, recurrent miscarriages and women undergoing assisted reproduction at a relatively advanced age.

Miscarriage management
A miscarriage is understandably a very disheartening event for couples desiring a healthy baby. Sonal assists couples experiencing recurrent miscarriages by performing detailed investigations for both partners, life style advice, early pregnancy monitoring and management (depending on the cause) and use of assisted reproductive technology including preimplantation genetic diagnosis for prevention of recurrent miscarriages.

Fertility preservation
Fertility preservation is an important component of treatment for patients undergoing treatments likely to affect their future fertility like chemotherapy and radiotherapy for management of cancers or radical ovarian surgery. Fertility preservation options for women include egg-freezing, embryo freezing and freezing of ovarian tissue obtained through keyhole surgery as well as gynaecological organ preservation during surgery. For men, the option is to freeze semen samples that can be used for future fertility treatment with assisted reproductive technologies like artificial insemination (IUI) or IVF/ICSI.
Fertility preservation is also being increasingly used by single women and women at risk of premature ovarian insufficiency (premature menopause).

Menopause management
Menopause is a challenging phase in the life of women, with a wide range of symptoms and health issues. With increasing life expectancy for women in Australia, women are expected to spend approximately a third of their life in menopause (on average). Sonal provides a variety of services for management of menopausal women including detailed investigations, life style advice, advice on supplements and management with menopausal hormone therapy (formerly known as hormone replacement therapy).
Premature menopause: Some women will go through menopause earlier in life than usual, 2 variants of which have been described i.e. premature menopause (menopause occurring prior to the age of 40) and early menopause (menopause between 41 to 45 years of age). The challenges faced by women in these situations are not only restricted to fertility issues, but also to unique health challenges with significant implications on quality of life. Sonal can assist women in these situations to deal with both fertility and health aspects of these conditions including assisted reproduction using donor eggs.

General gynecology
Common gynecological disorders encountered in clinical practice include menstrual problems like amenorrhea (no periods), adolescent gynecological problems, heavy menstrual bleeding, irregular vaginal bleeding, uterine abnormalities like fibroids, polyps etc, ovarian abnormalities like cysts, tumors etc, vaginal and vulval abnormalities, fallopian tube disease etc.
Sonal provides medical and surgical treatment options for management of common gynecological disorders. She does not deal with malignant gynecological disease (cancer), pelvic floor disorders (prolapse) and urological disorders. Pap smear abnormalities can be referred to her gynecology clinic at Campbelltown hospital where services for detailed evaluation of Pap smear abnormalities including colposcopy +/- cervical biopsy are available.

Contraception
Sonal is of the opinion that pregnancy in the 21st century should be a matter of choice, not of chance. Couples should have access to contraceptive options to plan their family size and structure.
Sonal can assist couples by providing advice on various methods of contraception such as barrier contraception (e.g. condoms), hormonal contraceptive options (e.g. oral contraceptive pills, injectable contraception, contraceptive implants and intrauterine contraceptive devices like Mirena or coppers IUDs, Nuvaring etc) and surgical options (e.g. tubal occlusion by various methods, vasectomy).
Facilities for insertion of IUDs, contraceptive implants and injectable contraceptives are available at Sonal’s consulting rooms.
Obstetric services
Early pregnancy care is very important for optimal outcomes in a pregnancy. Sonal looks after pregnant women during the first trimester assisting them with the following:

Completion of antenatal screening investigations.

Early pregnancy care including advice regarding diet, supplements, exercise and physical activity.

Aneuploidy screening (screening for chromosomal abnormalities like Downs syndrome in the fetus).

Individualized care depending on past medical, surgical and family history.
After completion of the first trimester, Sonal will hand over care to an obstetrician of your choice or the antenatal clinic of your nearest hospital. She enjoys providing full obstetric and maternity services for pregnant women when she provides on call cover as a consultant at Campbelltown public hospital.